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그레이 아나토미의, 제2권 골학 骨學 골해부학.도해 圖解 그림책. Gray’s Anatomy, II. Osteology. FIGURE BOOK, by Henry Gray 제2권 골학 骨學 골해부학.도해 圖解 그림책. Gray’s Anatomy Figure Book Numbers. 85-126, 127-168.169-210.211-252.253-294. Anatomy of the Human BodyFIGURE BOOK. contents II. Osteology 1. Introduction 2. Bone 3. The Vertebral Column a. General Characteristics of a Vertebra 1. The Cervical Vertebræ 2. The Thoracic Vertebræ 3. The Lumbar Vertebræ 4. The Sacral and Coccygeal Vertebræ b. The Vertebral Column as a Whole 4. The Thorax a. The Sternum b. The Ribs c. The Costal Cartilages 5. The Skull a. The Cranial Bones 1. The Occipital Bone 2. The Parietal Bone 3. The Frontal Bone 4. The Temporal Bone 5. The Sphenoid Bone 6. Ethmoid bone b. The Facial Bones 7. The Nasal Bones 8. The Maxillæ (Upper Jaw) 9. The Lacrimal Bone 10.The Zygomatic Bone 11.The Palatine Bone 12.The Inferior Nasal Concha 13.The Vomer 14.The Mandible (Lower Jaw) 15.The Hyoid Bone c. The Exterior of the Skull d. The Interior of the Skull 6. The Extremities a. The Bones of the Upper Extremity 1. The Clavicle 2. The Scapula 3. The Humerus 4. The Ulna 5. The Radius b. The Hand 6. The Carpus 7. The Metacarpus 8. The Phalanges of the Hand c. The Bones of the Lower Extremity 9. The Hip Bone 10.The Pelvis 11.The Femur 12.The Patella 13.The Tibia 14.The Fibula d. The Foot 15.The Tarsus 16.The Metatarsus 17.The Phalanges of the Foot 18.Comparison of the Bones of the Hand and Foot 19.The Sesamoid Bones

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그레이 아나토미의, 제2권 골학 骨學 골해부학.도해 圖解 그림책. Gray’s Anatomy, II. Osteology. FIGURE BOOK, by Henry Gray Gray’s Anatomy Introduction THE TERM human anatomy comprises a consideration of the various structures which make up the human organism. In a restricted sense it deals merely with the parts which form the fully developed individual and which can be rendered evident to the naked eye by various methods of dissection. Regarded from such a standpoint it may be studied by two methods: (1) the various structures may be separately considered―systematic anatomy; or (2) the organs and tissues may be studied in relation to one another― topographical or regional anatomy. 1 It is, however, of much advantage to add to the facts ascertained by naked eye dissection those obtained by the use of the microscope. This introduces two fields of investigation, viz., the study of the minute structure of the various component parts of the body―histology―and the study of the human organism in its immature condition, i. e., the various stages of its intrauterine development from the fertilized ovum up to the period when it assumes an independent existence―embryology. Owing to the difficulty of obtaining material illustrating all the stages of this early development, gaps must be filled up by observations on the development of lower forms― comparative embryology, or by a consideration of adult forms in the line of human ancestry―comparative anatomy. The direct application of the facts of human anatomy to the various pathological conditions which may occur constitutes the subject of applied anatomy. Finally, the appreciation of structures on or immediately underlying the surface of the body is frequently made the subject of special study―surface anatomy. SYSTEMATIC ANATOMY.―The various systems of which the human body is composed are grouped under the following headings: Osteology―the bony system or skeleton. Syndesmology―the articulations or joints. Myology―the muscles. With the description of the muscles it is convenient to include that of the fasciæ which are so intimately connected with them. Angiology―the vascular system, comprising the heart, bloodvessels, lymphatic vessels, and lymph glands. Neurology―the nervous system. The organs of sense may be included in this system. Splanchnology―the visceral system. Topographically the viscera form two groups, viz., the thoracic viscera and the abdomino-pelvic viscera. The heart, a thoracic viscus, is best considered with the vascular system. The rest of the viscera may be grouped according to their functions: (a) the respiratory apparatus; (b) the digestive apparatus; and (c) the urogenital apparatus. Strictly speaking, the third subgroup should include only such components of the urogenital apparatus as are included within the abdomino pelvic cavity, but it is convenient to study under this heading certain parts which lie in relation to the surface of the body, e. g., the testes and the external organs of generation. For descriptive purposes the body is supposed to be in the erect posture, with the arms hanging by the sides and the palms of the hands directed forward. The median plane is a vertical antero-posterior plane, passing through the center of the trunk. This plane will pass approximately through the sagittal suture of the skull, and hence any plane parallel to it is termed a sagittal plane. A vertical plane at right angles to the median plane passes, roughly speaking, through the central part of the coronal suture or through a line parallel to it; such a plane is known as a frontal plane or sometimes as a coronal plane. A plane at right angles to both the median and frontal planes is termed a transverse plane.

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